Pediatric Blood Pressure Chart

What is the normal blood pressure range for children?

Knowing that normal blood pressure (BP) values in children differ from those in adults is essential. This is because children's bodies are constantly growing and developing, affecting their blood pressure readings.

Children's normal blood pressure range is based on age, height, and gender. As children age and become taller, their blood pressure levels typically increase.

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), for children aged 1 to 13 years, normal range is defined as systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure reading below the 90th percentile for their age, height, and gender.

The AAP's Clinical Practice Guideline states that normal values for adolescents aged 13 to 18 are a systolic reading of less than 120 mmHg and a diastolic reading of less than 80 mmHg (Flynn et al., 2017).

Blood pressure measurement can vary due to factors like stress, physical activity, and the environment where the reading is taken. Therefore, multiple readings over time may be necessary to establish a child's typical blood pressure range.

High blood pressure in children and adolescents

While often thought of as an adult condition, high BP can also affect children and adolescents. Early detection and management of hypertension in these younger age groups are crucial for preventing potential long-term health complications.

According to the AAP, hypertension in children and adolescents is defined as BP readings that are greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for the child's age, height, and gender on three or more separate occasions (Flynn et al., 2017).

Elevated BP in children can be caused by various factors, including obesity, kidney disease, endocrine disorders, or underlying heart conditions. In some cases, the cause may be unknown, which is referred to as primary or essential hypertension. This only makes high blood pressure education more important for both children and their parents.  

How does this work?

Using the Pediatric Blood Pressure Chart is straightforward. Follow these steps for an effective assessment:

Step 1: Download our printable Pediatric Blood Pressure Chart

Start by getting our easy-to-use and printable chart designed for tracking a child's blood pressure. It's straightforward and convenient, and having a copy on hand is always good.

Step 2: Explain how the chart works

Show the patient or their parents or guardians how the chart works. Then, explain why it's essential for monitoring cardiovascular health.

Step 3: Measure and record the child's blood pressure

Use a blood pressure monitor to measure the child's blood pressure. Follow standard procedures in BP measurement and gathering other pediatric vital signs.

Step 4: Compare the reading against the chart

Check the Pediatric Blood Pressure Chart to compare the reading. It's age- and gender-specific and shows normal blood pressure ranges for children. This step helps assess the child's blood pressure quickly.

Step 5: Discuss the results with the patient or their parents

Talk openly with the child's parents or guardians about the results. Explain the significance of the blood pressure reading, answer any questions, and explore potential lifestyle adjustments or further medical considerations together. This clear communication ensures a full understanding of the child's cardiovascular well-being.

Strengthen your practice and client outcomes by leveraging this blood pressure chart template.

How do we prevent high blood pressure in children?

Adopting healthy lifestyle habits from an early age can go a long way in preventing the development of high blood pressure (hypertension) in children. Early intervention and prevention strategies are crucial for promoting long-term cardiovascular health.

Maintain a healthy weight

Childhood obesity is a significant risk factor for hypertension. Encouraging a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and regular physical activity can help children maintain a healthy weight and keep blood pressure within normal ranges.

Encourage stress management

Chronic stress can have a negative impact on blood pressure levels. Help children develop healthy coping mechanisms for managing stress, such as deep breathing exercises, mindfulness practices, or engaging in enjoyable physical activities.

Regular check-ups and monitoring

Regular well-child visits and blood pressure screenings are essential for early detection and intervention of elevated BP and unusually low blood pressure. Healthcare providers can identify potential risk factors and provide guidance on appropriate prevention strategies.

National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP)

The National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Children and Adolescents provides comprehensive guidelines and recommendations for preventing, evaluating, and managing high blood pressure in pediatric populations (National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents, 2004).

References

Flynn, J. T., Kaelber, D. C., Baker-Smith, C. M., Blowey, D., Carroll, A. E., Daniels, S. R., de Ferranti, S. D., Dionne, J. M., Falkner, B., Flinn, S. K., Gidding, S. S., Goodwin, C., Leu, M. G., Powers, M. E., Rea, C., Samuels, J., Simasek, M., Thaker, V. V., Urbina, E. M., & Subcommittee on Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children (2017). Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(3), e20171904. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1904

National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (2004). The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 114(2 Suppl 4th Report), 555–576. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15286277/