Candidiasis Treatment Guidelines

What is candidiasis?

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, most commonly Candida albicans. This condition can affect various parts of the body, including the mouth, throat, skin, and genital area. While Candida naturally resides in the body without causing harm, an overgrowth can lead to a candida infection, especially in individuals with a weakened immune system.

Symptoms of candidiasis

Candidiasis presents different symptoms depending on the area affected:

• Oral Candidiasis (Thrush): Creamy white patches in the mouth or throat, painful cracks at the corners of the mouth.
• Cutaneous candidiasis: Skin rashes, patches, blisters (especially in the groin, between fingers and toes, and under the breasts), redness, and itching.
• Vaginal candidiasis: Vaginal itching and irritation, white discharge resembling cottage cheese, burning sensation during urination or intercourse.

How do healthcare professionals assess candidiasis?

Diagnosis of candidiasis, including candida infections and invasive candidiasis, involves specific tests based on the infection site. A culture test uses a sterile cotton swab to collect samples from the infected area, which are then examined under a microscope. An endoscopy employs an endoscope to examine the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine for signs of oral thrush, aiding in identifying yeast overgrowth.

12 candidiasis treatments

To assist healthcare professionals in diagnosing and treating candidiasis effectively, we have created a comprehensive

Dietary changes

Reducing the intake of refined carbohydrates, yeast, and sugar is essential to prevent the overgrowth of Candida. A balanced diet focusing on whole foods can help maintain a healthy gut flora.

Proper hygiene

Maintaining good hygiene is crucial. Regularly clean affected areas and keep them dry to prevent fungal growth. Wearing breathable fabrics and avoiding tight clothing can also help reduce moisture.

Probiotics

Incorporating probiotics into your diet can help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the gut, potentially reducing the overgrowth of Candida.

Stress management

High stress levels can compromise the immune system, making it easier for Candida to overgrow. Meditation, yoga, and regular exercise can help manage stress.

Topical antifungal medications

These include creams or ointments applied directly to the affected area. They are often the first line of treatment for localized infections and can provide quick relief.

Oral antifungal medications

For more extensive infections, tablets, liquids, or lozenges taken by mouth are used. They target the fungus from within the body, ensuring a more comprehensive treatment.

Intravenous antifungal medications

For severe or systemic candidiasis, intravenous antifungal medication is administered. Amphotericin B is an antifungal medicine typically used in hospitals for chronic infection.

Antifungal sprays and powders

These can be useful for treating fungal infections on the skin, particularly in areas prone to moisture such as feet or underarms.

Vaginal yeast infection treatments

Over-the-counter antifungal creams and suppositories can be effective for treating vaginal yeast infections. However, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan to ensure the most effective approach.

Antifungal shampoos

These are available for treating scalp infections caused by Candida or other fungi. They often contain ingredients like ketoconazole or selenium sulfide.

Antifungal foot powders

These can help prevent and treat fungal infections on the feet by keeping them dry and moisture-free.

Topical antifungal solutions

Solutions and sprays are available over-the-counter for treating fungal infections on the skin, providing an easy and convenient treatment option.

Managing fungal infections effectively involves understanding the different types of treatments available and choosing the right one based on the severity and location of the infection. Early detection and consistent treatment are key to managing fungal infections successfully.

How this handout may benefit dermatologists

This handout offers various benefits, including the following:

Fully digital

It is available online as a fully digital resource, making it easily accessible to dermatologists at any time.

Comprehensive information

The handout provides comprehensive information about the treatment guidelines for candidiasis, covering different types of candidiasis and their respective treatments. This allows dermatologists to have a complete understanding of the condition, its various forms, and the recommended treatment options.

Evidence-based recommendations

All treatment recommendations in this handout are based on current evidence and research. This ensures that the information provided is accurate and up-to-date, giving dermatologists confidence in following these guidelines for their patients.